| CVE |
Vendors |
Products |
Updated |
CVSS v3.1 |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
arm64: gcs: Do not set PTE_SHARED on GCS mappings if FEAT_LPA2 is enabled
When FEAT_LPA2 is enabled, bits 8-9 of the PTE replace the
shareability attribute with bits 50-51 of the output address. The
_PAGE_GCS{,_RO} definitions include the PTE_SHARED bits as 0b11 (this
matches the other _PAGE_* definitions) but using this macro directly
leads to the following panic when enabling GCS on a system/model with
LPA2:
Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address fffff1ffc32d8008
Mem abort info:
ESR = 0x0000000096000004
EC = 0x25: DABT (current EL), IL = 32 bits
SET = 0, FnV = 0
EA = 0, S1PTW = 0
FSC = 0x04: level 0 translation fault
Data abort info:
ISV = 0, ISS = 0x00000004, ISS2 = 0x00000000
CM = 0, WnR = 0, TnD = 0, TagAccess = 0
GCS = 0, Overlay = 0, DirtyBit = 0, Xs = 0
swapper pgtable: 4k pages, 52-bit VAs, pgdp=0000000060f4d000
[fffff1ffc32d8008] pgd=100000006184b003, p4d=0000000000000000
Internal error: Oops: 0000000096000004 [#1] SMP
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 513 Comm: gcs_write_fault Tainted: G M 7.0.0-rc1 #1 PREEMPT
Tainted: [M]=MACHINE_CHECK
Hardware name: QEMU QEMU Virtual Machine, BIOS 2025.02-8+deb13u1 11/08/2025
pstate: 03402005 (nzcv daif +PAN -UAO +TCO +DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)
pc : zap_huge_pmd+0x168/0x468
lr : zap_huge_pmd+0x2c/0x468
sp : ffff800080beb660
x29: ffff800080beb660 x28: fff00000c2058180 x27: ffff800080beb898
x26: fff00000c2058180 x25: ffff800080beb820 x24: 00c800010b600f41
x23: ffffc1ffc30af1a8 x22: fff00000c2058180 x21: 0000ffff8dc00000
x20: fff00000c2bc6370 x19: ffff800080beb898 x18: ffff800080bebb60
x17: 0000000000000000 x16: 0000000000000000 x15: 0000000000000007
x14: 000000000000000a x13: 0000aaaacbbbffff x12: 0000000000000000
x11: 0000ffff8ddfffff x10: 00000000000001fe x9 : 0000ffff8ddfffff
x8 : 0000ffff8de00000 x7 : 0000ffff8da00000 x6 : fff00000c2bc6370
x5 : 0000ffff8da00000 x4 : 000000010b600000 x3 : ffffc1ffc0000000
x2 : fff00000c2058180 x1 : fffff1ffc32d8000 x0 : 000000c00010b600
Call trace:
zap_huge_pmd+0x168/0x468 (P)
unmap_page_range+0xd70/0x1560
unmap_single_vma+0x48/0x80
unmap_vmas+0x90/0x180
unmap_region+0x88/0xe4
vms_complete_munmap_vmas+0xf8/0x1e0
do_vmi_align_munmap+0x158/0x180
do_vmi_munmap+0xac/0x160
__vm_munmap+0xb0/0x138
vm_munmap+0x14/0x20
gcs_free+0x70/0x80
mm_release+0x1c/0xc8
exit_mm_release+0x28/0x38
do_exit+0x190/0x8ec
do_group_exit+0x34/0x90
get_signal+0x794/0x858
arch_do_signal_or_restart+0x11c/0x3e0
exit_to_user_mode_loop+0x10c/0x17c
el0_da+0x8c/0x9c
el0t_64_sync_handler+0xd0/0xf0
el0t_64_sync+0x198/0x19c
Code: aa1603e2 d34cfc00 cb813001 8b011861 (f9400420)
Similarly to how the kernel handles protection_map[], use a
gcs_page_prot variable to store the protection bits and clear PTE_SHARED
if LPA2 is enabled.
Also remove the unused PAGE_GCS{,_RO} macros. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
audit: add fchmodat2() to change attributes class
fchmodat2(), introduced in version 6.6 is currently not in the change
attribute class of audit. Calling fchmodat2() to change a file
attribute in the same fashion than chmod() or fchmodat() will bypass
audit rules such as:
-w /tmp/test -p rwa -k test_rwa
The current patch adds fchmodat2() to the change attributes class. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
tcp: secure_seq: add back ports to TS offset
This reverts 28ee1b746f49 ("secure_seq: downgrade to per-host timestamp offsets")
tcp_tw_recycle went away in 2017.
Zhouyan Deng reported off-path TCP source port leakage via
SYN cookie side-channel that can be fixed in multiple ways.
One of them is to bring back TCP ports in TS offset randomization.
As a bonus, we perform a single siphash() computation
to provide both an ISN and a TS offset. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
xfs: check return value of xchk_scrub_create_subord
Fix this function to return NULL instead of a mangled ENOMEM, then fix
the callers to actually check for a null pointer and return ENOMEM.
Most of the corrections here are for code merged between 6.2 and 6.10. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
f2fs: fix IS_CHECKPOINTED flag inconsistency issue caused by concurrent atomic commit and checkpoint writes
During SPO tests, when mounting F2FS, an -EINVAL error was returned from
f2fs_recover_inode_page. The issue occurred under the following scenario
Thread A Thread B
f2fs_ioc_commit_atomic_write
- f2fs_do_sync_file // atomic = true
- f2fs_fsync_node_pages
: last_folio = inode folio
: schedule before folio_lock(last_folio) f2fs_write_checkpoint
- block_operations// writeback last_folio
- schedule before f2fs_flush_nat_entries
: set_fsync_mark(last_folio, 1)
: set_dentry_mark(last_folio, 1)
: folio_mark_dirty(last_folio)
- __write_node_folio(last_folio)
: f2fs_down_read(&sbi->node_write)//block
- f2fs_flush_nat_entries
: {struct nat_entry}->flag |= BIT(IS_CHECKPOINTED)
- unblock_operations
: f2fs_up_write(&sbi->node_write)
f2fs_write_checkpoint//return
: f2fs_do_write_node_page()
f2fs_ioc_commit_atomic_write//return
SPO
Thread A calls f2fs_need_dentry_mark(sbi, ino), and the last_folio has
already been written once. However, the {struct nat_entry}->flag did not
have the IS_CHECKPOINTED set, causing set_dentry_mark(last_folio, 1) and
write last_folio again after Thread B finishes f2fs_write_checkpoint.
After SPO and reboot, it was detected that {struct node_info}->blk_addr
was not NULL_ADDR because Thread B successfully write the checkpoint.
This issue only occurs in atomic write scenarios. For regular file
fsync operations, the folio must be dirty. If
block_operations->f2fs_sync_node_pages successfully submit the folio
write, this path will not be executed. Otherwise, the
f2fs_write_checkpoint will need to wait for the folio write submission
to complete, as sbi->nr_pages[F2FS_DIRTY_NODES] > 0. Therefore, the
situation where f2fs_need_dentry_mark checks that the {struct
nat_entry}->flag /wo the IS_CHECKPOINTED flag, but the folio write has
already been submitted, will not occur.
Therefore, for atomic file fsync, sbi->node_write should be acquired
through __write_node_folio to ensure that the IS_CHECKPOINTED flag
correctly indicates that the checkpoint write has been completed. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
wifi: mac80211: fix NULL pointer dereference in mesh_rx_csa_frame()
In mesh_rx_csa_frame(), elems->mesh_chansw_params_ie is dereferenced
at lines 1638 and 1642 without a prior NULL check:
ifmsh->chsw_ttl = elems->mesh_chansw_params_ie->mesh_ttl;
...
pre_value = le16_to_cpu(elems->mesh_chansw_params_ie->mesh_pre_value);
The mesh_matches_local() check above only validates the Mesh ID,
Mesh Configuration, and Supported Rates IEs. It does not verify the
presence of the Mesh Channel Switch Parameters IE (element ID 118).
When a received CSA action frame omits that IE, ieee802_11_parse_elems()
leaves elems->mesh_chansw_params_ie as NULL, and the unconditional
dereference causes a kernel NULL pointer dereference.
A remote mesh peer with an established peer link (PLINK_ESTAB) can
trigger this by sending a crafted SPECTRUM_MGMT/CHL_SWITCH action frame
that includes a matching Mesh ID and Mesh Configuration IE but omits the
Mesh Channel Switch Parameters IE. No authentication beyond the default
open mesh peering is required.
Crash confirmed on kernel 6.17.0-5-generic via mac80211_hwsim:
BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000000
Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI
RIP: 0010:ieee80211_mesh_rx_queued_mgmt+0x143/0x2a0 [mac80211]
CR2: 0000000000000000
Fix by adding a NULL check for mesh_chansw_params_ie after
mesh_matches_local() returns, consistent with how other optional IEs
are guarded throughout the mesh code.
The bug has been present since v3.13 (released 2014-01-19). |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
drbd: fix null-pointer dereference on local read error
In drbd_request_endio(), READ_COMPLETED_WITH_ERROR is passed to
__req_mod() with a NULL peer_device:
__req_mod(req, what, NULL, &m);
The READ_COMPLETED_WITH_ERROR handler then unconditionally passes this
NULL peer_device to drbd_set_out_of_sync(), which dereferences it,
causing a null-pointer dereference.
Fix this by obtaining the peer_device via first_peer_device(device),
matching how drbd_req_destroy() handles the same situation. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
atm: lec: fix null-ptr-deref in lec_arp_clear_vccs
syzkaller reported a null-ptr-deref in lec_arp_clear_vccs().
This issue can be easily reproduced using the syzkaller reproducer.
In the ATM LANE (LAN Emulation) module, the same atm_vcc can be shared by
multiple lec_arp_table entries (e.g., via entry->vcc or entry->recv_vcc).
When the underlying VCC is closed, lec_vcc_close() iterates over all
ARP entries and calls lec_arp_clear_vccs() for each matched entry.
For example, when lec_vcc_close() iterates through the hlists in
priv->lec_arp_empty_ones or other ARP tables:
1. In the first iteration, for the first matched ARP entry sharing the VCC,
lec_arp_clear_vccs() frees the associated vpriv (which is vcc->user_back)
and sets vcc->user_back to NULL.
2. In the second iteration, for the next matched ARP entry sharing the same
VCC, lec_arp_clear_vccs() is called again. It obtains a NULL vpriv from
vcc->user_back (via LEC_VCC_PRIV(vcc)) and then attempts to dereference it
via `vcc->pop = vpriv->old_pop`, leading to a null-ptr-deref crash.
Fix this by adding a null check for vpriv before dereferencing
it. If vpriv is already NULL, it means the VCC has been cleared
by a previous call, so we can safely skip the cleanup and just
clear the entry's vcc/recv_vcc pointers.
The entire cleanup block (including vcc_release_async()) is placed inside
the vpriv guard because a NULL vpriv indicates the VCC has already been
fully released by a prior iteration — repeating the teardown would
redundantly set flags and trigger callbacks on an already-closing socket.
The Fixes tag points to the initial commit because the entry->vcc path has
been vulnerable since the original code. The entry->recv_vcc path was later
added by commit 8d9f73c0ad2f ("atm: fix a memory leak of vcc->user_back")
with the same pattern, and both paths are fixed here. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
accel/amdxdna: Fix out-of-bounds memset in command slot handling
The remaining space in a command slot may be smaller than the size of
the command header. Clearing the command header with memset() before
verifying the available slot space can result in an out-of-bounds write
and memory corruption.
Fix this by moving the memset() call after the size validation. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ipv6: fix NULL pointer deref in ip6_rt_get_dev_rcu()
l3mdev_master_dev_rcu() can return NULL when the slave device is being
un-slaved from a VRF. All other callers deal with this, but we lost
the fallback to loopback in ip6_rt_pcpu_alloc() -> ip6_rt_get_dev_rcu()
with commit 4832c30d5458 ("net: ipv6: put host and anycast routes on
device with address").
KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000108-0x000000000000010f]
RIP: 0010:ip6_rt_pcpu_alloc (net/ipv6/route.c:1418)
Call Trace:
ip6_pol_route (net/ipv6/route.c:2318)
fib6_rule_lookup (net/ipv6/fib6_rules.c:115)
ip6_route_output_flags (net/ipv6/route.c:2607)
vrf_process_v6_outbound (drivers/net/vrf.c:437)
I was tempted to rework the un-slaving code to clear the flag first
and insert synchronize_rcu() before we remove the upper. But looks like
the explicit fallback to loopback_dev is an established pattern.
And I guess avoiding the synchronize_rcu() is nice, too. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
tracing: Add NULL pointer check to trigger_data_free()
If trigger_data_alloc() fails and returns NULL, event_hist_trigger_parse()
jumps to the out_free error path. While kfree() safely handles a NULL
pointer, trigger_data_free() does not. This causes a NULL pointer
dereference in trigger_data_free() when evaluating
data->cmd_ops->set_filter.
Fix the problem by adding a NULL pointer check to trigger_data_free().
The problem was found by an experimental code review agent based on
gemini-3.1-pro while reviewing backports into v6.18.y. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
i40e: Fix preempt count leak in napi poll tracepoint
Using get_cpu() in the tracepoint assignment causes an obvious preempt
count leak because nothing invokes put_cpu() to undo it:
softirq: huh, entered softirq 3 NET_RX with preempt_count 00000100, exited with 00000101?
This clearly has seen a lot of testing in the last 3+ years...
Use smp_processor_id() instead. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
regulator: bq257xx: Fix device node reference leak in bq257xx_reg_dt_parse_gpio()
In bq257xx_reg_dt_parse_gpio(), if fails to get subchild, it returns
without calling of_node_put(child), causing the device node reference
leak. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
usb: gadget: f_ncm: align net_device lifecycle with bind/unbind
Currently, the net_device is allocated in ncm_alloc_inst() and freed in
ncm_free_inst(). This ties the network interface's lifetime to the
configuration instance rather than the USB connection (bind/unbind).
This decoupling causes issues when the USB gadget is disconnected where
the underlying gadget device is removed. The net_device can outlive its
parent, leading to dangling sysfs links and NULL pointer dereferences
when accessing the freed gadget device.
Problem 1: NULL pointer dereference on disconnect
Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address
0000000000000000
Call trace:
__pi_strlen+0x14/0x150
rtnl_fill_ifinfo+0x6b4/0x708
rtmsg_ifinfo_build_skb+0xd8/0x13c
rtmsg_ifinfo+0x50/0xa0
__dev_notify_flags+0x4c/0x1f0
dev_change_flags+0x54/0x70
do_setlink+0x390/0xebc
rtnl_newlink+0x7d0/0xac8
rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x27c/0x410
netlink_rcv_skb+0x134/0x150
rtnetlink_rcv+0x18/0x28
netlink_unicast+0x254/0x3f0
netlink_sendmsg+0x2e0/0x3d4
Problem 2: Dangling sysfs symlinks
console:/ # ls -l /sys/class/net/ncm0
lrwxrwxrwx ... /sys/class/net/ncm0 ->
/sys/devices/platform/.../gadget.0/net/ncm0
console:/ # ls -l /sys/devices/platform/.../gadget.0/net/ncm0
ls: .../gadget.0/net/ncm0: No such file or directory
Move the net_device allocation to ncm_bind() and deallocation to
ncm_unbind(). This ensures the network interface exists only when the
gadget function is actually bound to a configuration.
To support pre-bind configuration (e.g., setting interface name or MAC
address via configfs), cache user-provided options in f_ncm_opts
using the gether_opts structure. Apply these cached settings to the
net_device upon creation in ncm_bind().
Preserve the use-after-free fix from commit 6334b8e4553c ("usb: gadget:
f_ncm: Fix UAF ncm object at re-bind after usb ep transport error").
Check opts->net in ncm_set_alt() and ncm_disable() to ensure
gether_disconnect() runs only if a connection was established. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
accel/amdxdna: Fix NULL pointer dereference of mgmt_chann
mgmt_chann may be set to NULL if the firmware returns an unexpected
error in aie2_send_mgmt_msg_wait(). This can later lead to a NULL
pointer dereference in aie2_hw_stop().
Fix this by introducing a dedicated helper to destroy mgmt_chann
and by adding proper NULL checks before accessing it. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
cpufreq: intel_pstate: Fix crash during turbo disable
When the system is booted with kernel command line argument "nosmt" or
"maxcpus" to limit the number of CPUs, disabling turbo via:
echo 1 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/no_turbo
results in a crash:
PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode
PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page
PGD 0 P4D 0
Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP PTI
...
RIP: 0010:store_no_turbo+0x100/0x1f0
...
This occurs because for_each_possible_cpu() returns CPUs even if they
are not online. For those CPUs, all_cpu_data[] will be NULL. Since
commit 973207ae3d7c ("cpufreq: intel_pstate: Rearrange max frequency
updates handling code"), all_cpu_data[] is dereferenced even for CPUs
which are not online, causing the NULL pointer dereference.
To fix that, pass CPU number to intel_pstate_update_max_freq() and use
all_cpu_data[] for those CPUs for which there is a valid cpufreq policy. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
RDMA/irdma: Fix kernel stack leak in irdma_create_user_ah()
struct irdma_create_ah_resp { // 8 bytes, no padding
__u32 ah_id; // offset 0 - SET (uresp.ah_id = ah->sc_ah.ah_info.ah_idx)
__u8 rsvd[4]; // offset 4 - NEVER SET <- LEAK
};
rsvd[4]: 4 bytes of stack memory leaked unconditionally. Only ah_id is assigned before ib_respond_udata().
The reserved members of the structure were not zeroed. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
accel/amdxdna: Fix crash when destroying a suspended hardware context
If userspace issues an ioctl to destroy a hardware context that has
already been automatically suspended, the driver may crash because the
mailbox channel pointer is NULL for the suspended context.
Fix this by checking the mailbox channel pointer in aie2_destroy_context()
before accessing it. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
can: usb: f81604: correctly anchor the urb in the read bulk callback
When submitting an urb, that is using the anchor pattern, it needs to be
anchored before submitting it otherwise it could be leaked if
usb_kill_anchored_urbs() is called. This logic is correctly done
elsewhere in the driver, except in the read bulk callback so do that
here also. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
x86/efi: defer freeing of boot services memory
efi_free_boot_services() frees memory occupied by EFI_BOOT_SERVICES_CODE
and EFI_BOOT_SERVICES_DATA using memblock_free_late().
There are two issue with that: memblock_free_late() should be used for
memory allocated with memblock_alloc() while the memory reserved with
memblock_reserve() should be freed with free_reserved_area().
More acutely, with CONFIG_DEFERRED_STRUCT_PAGE_INIT=y
efi_free_boot_services() is called before deferred initialization of the
memory map is complete.
Benjamin Herrenschmidt reports that this causes a leak of ~140MB of
RAM on EC2 t3a.nano instances which only have 512MB or RAM.
If the freed memory resides in the areas that memory map for them is
still uninitialized, they won't be actually freed because
memblock_free_late() calls memblock_free_pages() and the latter skips
uninitialized pages.
Using free_reserved_area() at this point is also problematic because
__free_page() accesses the buddy of the freed page and that again might
end up in uninitialized part of the memory map.
Delaying the entire efi_free_boot_services() could be problematic
because in addition to freeing boot services memory it updates
efi.memmap without any synchronization and that's undesirable late in
boot when there is concurrency.
More robust approach is to only defer freeing of the EFI boot services
memory.
Split efi_free_boot_services() in two. First efi_unmap_boot_services()
collects ranges that should be freed into an array then
efi_free_boot_services() later frees them after deferred init is complete. |
